Western Front
German bombers conduct a daytime raid on England’s east coast, killing 13 and injuring 26.
Men of the Princess Patricia’s Canadian Light Infantry marching near the front: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...731630764007424
Canadian flying ace John Edward Sharman, who has 8 victories, is killed in action between Ypres and Messines.
Aisne: German attacks in Northern Aisne sector; fierce fighting, French recover lost ground on July 24.
Intense artillery activity in Flanders.
Verdun: German trench raids.

Eastern Front
Galicia: Russian Premier Kerensky goes to the front as the Russian offensive against the Central Powers in Galicia collapses.
Emperor Charles of Austria-Hungary visits HQ at Zloczow.
Battle of Smorgon-Krevo: Russians penetrate German defences east of Vilna to a depth of two miles, taking 1,000 prisoners; further success jeopardised by indiscipline.
Battle of Marasesti (Rumania) begins (see August 1st). This is the last major battle between the German Empire and the Kingdom of Romania on the Romanian front during World War I. On July 22, 1917, the Romanians launched a joint offensive with Russia against the Austro-Hungarian 1st Army, around Mărăști and the lower part of the Siret river.
The wounded – victims of the decision to continue the war: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...unded.jpg?ssl=1

Southern Front
Salonika: British 27th Division trench raid in Struma sector (against the Bulgarians) on Homondas village takes 35 PoWs and destroys 2 mountain guns.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Successful British raid at Gaza.

Political, etc
Germany: German Vienna Ambassador reports that plebiscite in Austria alone would find majority for joining Allies and fighting Germany.
Russia: Russian Premier Kerensky blames German spies for the recent pro-Bolshevik demonstrations in Petrograd.
France: French news-film showing the Allied-backed coup d’état in Greece: http://film.iwmcollections.org.uk/record/index/47289
French government decides to allow game hunting for the first time since 1913, as wildlife overpopulation threatens crops.
United Kingdom: British government announces that it will retaliate against German cities in response to German air raids. [note: this statement conveniently ignores the fact that the french had been bombing German cities almost since day 1 of the war].
Premier Lloyd George calls Germany’s peace offer a “sham” and asserts that the militarists are in power there.
China: Chinese Naval Minister Cheng Biguang, along with 9 warships, defects from Peking to the revolutionary leader Sun Yat-sen.
Minor Allies: Siam (Thailand) declares war on Germany and Austria-Hungary.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Flanders and Artois: British-Canadian trench raids (and on July 28); Canadian 116th battalion (74 casualties) captures 53 PoWs from German 36th Reserve Division west of Lens.
Aisne: Heavy German attacks against French lines at the Aisne continues, and the first line trenches on the Californie Plateau are captured.
Canadian soldier visiting a war grave at Vimy Ridge: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...094017941745665

Eastern Front
Galicia: Russian retreat on 150-mile front, Stanislau and Halicz given up as Austrian Third Army (Kritek) recrossed river Lomnica.
Battle of Smorgon-Krevo: Russian diversion at Dvinsk and Smorgon followed by “voluntary” withdrawal of troops. The only further information I can find is that this Russian attack petered out this day; but no further details are available.
Battle of Marasesti: Averescu’s Rumanian Second Army advances 12 1/2 miles on 20-mile front, takes 30 villages; 2,977 PoWs; 57 guns from German Ninth Army (Kosch), but Russian Fourth Army refuses help.
Rumanian gunners of a M1896 Vickers 127mm howitzer: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...nners.jpg?ssl=1

Political, etc
United Kingdom: Amendment to Corn Production Bill defeated.
United States: U.S. provides Russia with a new $75 million loan, signaling faith in the Russian Government despite recent defeats & instability.
President Wilson bans “disorderly” saloons and resorts within a 5-mile radius of any military camp.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
A destroyed street in Neuville-au-Pont, France: © IWM (Q 78207): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...457679609057280
French counter-attack and regain ground lost north of the Aisne.

Eastern Front
Galicia: Stanislau (see August 10th, 1916) and Tarnopol in Galicia retaken by Austro-German forces (see 18th).
Battle of Marasesti: Ongoing, but no further details this day.
Kaiser Wilhelm II and Prince Oskar visiting the headquarters near Tarnopol on the Eastern Front: © IWM (Q 23961): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...427458726014977

Naval and Overseas Operations
France: Naval part of Allied Paris conference (until July 26) agrees that Otranto Barrage come under new British Mediterranean C-in-C.

Political, etc
Russia: Russian Government restore death penalty at front.
France: Mata Hari’s trial opens in public, death sentence (July 25), two appeals rejected. Execution of the Dutchwoman Mata Hari as German spy on 15 October 1917: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...-hari.jpg?ssl=1
United Kingdom: Chancellor Bonar Law reveals Britain spends £6.795 million a day on the war. Commons votes record £650 million war credit. Recruiting transferred from War Office to local Government Board.
Canada: Canadian Military Service Bill passed.
Turkey: Richard von Kühlmann retires as German Constantinople Ambassador.
United States: Congress votes $640 million for military aviation.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Britain: Cabinet assures Haig of its approval and wholehearted support for his offensive.
Germany: Ludendorff confidential instruction warns against spread of ‘political propaganda’ in German Army, ordering minute examination of all letters for the front.
Aisne: German “attacks” repulsed north of river (until July 27). Another source more accurately states: Heavy artillery fire and multiple raids take place between British and German lines at Ypres.
Champagne: German attacks at Mt Haut (and on July 27) repulsed.
Women drivers for the British Army’s Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC) in Dieppe, France: © IWM (Q 5744): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...487882733461505

Eastern Front
Galicia: German 1 st Guard Division takes Tarnopol and crosses river Sereth on July 26 watched by Kaiser. Austrian Third Army retakes Kolomea on July 26.
The 1st Russian Women’s Battalion of Death goes into action for the first time in Galicia and capture a German trench: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...472784556072963
Russian retreat in East Galicia continues; towns evacuated, positions in Carpathians abandoned.
Battle of Marasesti: Minor Russo-Romanian advance in southern Moldavia.
In this picture the post of Austro-Hungarian soldiers is sorted behind the Eastern Front: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...front.jpg?ssl=1

Naval and Overseas Operations
North Sea: 5-7 Royal Navy Air Service Sopwith Pups or Camels cover Belgian coast net barrage laying (until July 27) and destroy 3 German aircraft.

Political, etc
France: Full Inter-Allied Conference assembles in Paris to discuss the Balkan situation, with military, naval and political committees to discuss plans in view of a probable collapse of Russia (Conference continued on 26th).
Canada: Canadian House of Commons pass the conscription bill by a majority of 54. Most of the opposition came from Québécois MPs.
An explosion occurs at a coal mine in New Waterford, Nova Scotia, resulting in 65 dead and over 100 injured: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...792365749305344
Ireland: Irish Convention, opening meeting, Sir H. Plunket in the Chair.
Japan: The Nippon Kōgaku Kōgyō Corporation (now known as Nikon) is established in Tokyo, Japan.
United States: Airplane factory in College Point, Queens, New York City: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...518089238458368

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Flanders: Major air battle over Polygon Wood involving 94 British and German aircraft, repeated on July 27. The British claim that more than c.20 Albatros fighters lose 9 aircraft to 2 British after Allied trap (59 Royal Flying Corps single-fighters plus French) sprung over the wood. Haig congratulates Trenchard on July 28.
A shot down German fighter has fallen into a house: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...aeger.jpg?ssl=1
Aisne: German forces attack French lines north of the Aisne on a 3-kilometer front and make limited gains. Their attacks in Champagne are repulsed.

Eastern Front
Galicia: Despite Russia reinstating the death penalty on the frontlines, the retreat of its armies in Galicia continues & spreads to the Carpathians. Austro-Germans cross the Sereth and take Kolomea.
Battle of Marasesti: Ongoing; above-referenced general retreat has slight effect on Russo-Romanian forces.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Channel: Minelayer-cruiser HMS Ariadne (38 lost) sunk by UC-65 off Beachy Head. https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...172391460130816
UC-61 beached on Cap Gris Nez and surrounded by Belgian cavalry; Royal Navy recover documents showing British minesweeping report code broken.
Black Sea: Russian motorboat approaches Bosphorus, comes under German and Turkish coastal gunfire, drops bottles with revolutionary anti-German proclamation to Turks (night July 26-27).

Political, etc
Announcement by French and German Governments of agreement as to treatment of prisoners.
France: Members of the British WAAC (Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps) on the beach at Le Touquet-Paris-Plage: © IWM (Q 5759): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...885590786895874
Exotic dancer and courtesan Mata Hari is condemned to death by a French military court on fabricated charges of spying for the Germans: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...915766862209024
Balkan Conference in Paris closes.
United Kingdom: Labour Party pledges one million new houses after the war.
Food policy outlined by Lord Rhondda.
Canada: Canada receives a $100 million loan from the U.S. in order to offset the heavy trade imbalance between the two countries.
Greece: Allied governments agree to end most of their occupation of Greece. An army and naval base will be maintained on Corfu.
Spain: Spain lifts martial law in Valencia as calm returns following several days of demonstrations. Striking workers will return to work tomorrow.
Switzerland: Due to Swiss neutrality, Berne has become a city of diplomats, with over 5000 embassy & legation staff of various countries operating there.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Britain: British Heavy Branch MG Corps becomes Tank Corps.
Flanders: British Guards Division occupies 3,000 yards of German evacuated front-line trenches and beats off counter-attack.
Aerial view of the Western Front. For the control of mud puddles, blastters and miserable dugouts the soldiers fought for weeks: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...front.jpg?ssl=1

Eastern Front
Battle of Marasesti: Ongoing, but no further details this day.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Over 3,000 merchant ships armed (official statement by Britain.)
East Africa: Kilwa No 2 Column occupies Nanganachi 12 miles southwest of Narungombe, then Mssindye (July 29-30).

Political, etc
France: British Premier Lloyd George and Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour in Paris after the Allied Conference: © IWM (Q 57038): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...232899685036033
Secret Agreement concluded between French and Italian Governments defining respective zones of influence in Asia Minor (see August 18th).
United Kingdom: Ramsay Macdonald’s Commons motion to approve Reichstag Peace Resolution defeated 148-19.
Serbia: Serbian Government's Yugo-Slav manifesto.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

The Great War enters its fourth year since the opening of hostilities.
Western Front
The Duchess of Sutherland with a doctor at a Red Cross Hospital at Calais: © IWM (Q 3212): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...551121504292866
Aerial and artillery activity picks up in Flanders, as the British and French troops prepare for another offensive.

Eastern Front
SMS Bodrog, a river monitor built for the Austro-Hungarian Navy, and two other monitors fired the first shots of World War I on the night of 28 July 1914, when they shelled Serbian defences near Belgrade. The river monitor was later given to the post-war nation of Yugoslavia as a war prize, and was renamed Sava. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SS_Bodrog_1914.jpg
Galicia: Battle of East Galicia (or, Battle of Dvinsk) ends (see 18th). Austro-German troops reach Russian frontier at Gusiatyn (Wild Cossack Division confronts 40,000 deserters there from July 25-27) on river Zbruch. Kaiser Wilhelm II leaves for Vilna.
Battle of Marasesti: Romanian advance in Moldavia continues.
Interrogation of Russian officers who have fallen into Austro-Hungarian captivity: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...ziere.jpg?ssl=1

Naval and Overseas Operations
German submarine SM UB-20, which sank 13 ships during its career, hits a mine and sinks with 13 crew deaths.

Political, etc
British & German governments ratify an agreement to regulate the treatment of prisoners. Repatriation of wounded prisoners will resume.
Germany: Imperial and Prussian Cabinets reconstructed.
Russia: Somerset Maugham sails for Vladivostok.
United Kingdom: Royal Warrant authorizes Tank Corps in British Army (see yesterday).
British War Office announces the creation of a special Jewish regiment to fight against the Ottoman Empire.
In Kingsland, London, an attempt to hold a peace meeting in a church is broken up by an angry mob, which included wounded veterans.
United States: The Wilson Administration predicts that the war will cost the U.S. $29 million ($554 million today) every day.
Switzerland: Emil Theodor Kocher, Swiss physician who received the 1909 Nobel Prize for his work on the thyroid, passed away: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...581321986322432

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Furious artillery battle in progress in Flanders and in region of Lens, stretching 33 miles from the coast to the French border.
The ruins of a sugar refinery at Hervilly, in Somme: © IWM (Q 61228): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...285984796712960

Eastern Front
Russians offer resistance in the region south of the Dniester, but retirement in Bukovina continues.
German & Austro-Hungarian forces have advanced more than 100 miles in Galicia since the collapse of the Russian offensive earlier this month.
Russian troops armed with Mosin-Nagant 1891 rifles, all with the long spike bayonets, in trenches: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...nches.jpg?ssl=1
Battle of Marasesti: Romanian advance continues in Moldavia; all objectives and “many” prisoners taken. Another source specifies: 1,245 prisoners and several artillery guns.

Naval and Overseas Operations
British minesweeper HMS Halcyon rams and depth charges German submarine SM UB-27 and sinks it.

Political, etc
Germany: Stores, hotels, restaurants, and cafes in Berlin are ordered to cut down lights by four-fifths due to coal shortages.
Ludendorff issues detailed program for patriotic propaganda in German Army.
United States: Native Americans, led by Chief Bald Eagle, in New York for a recruiting event: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...922345258512385
War Industries Board is established by the U.S. government to facilitate the purchase of war-related goods.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Aisne: Artillery in action.
British 18-pdr gun in action: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...8-pdr.jpg?ssl=1
Fleet of ambulances donated by Calcutta, India to the British military as a “war gift”: © IWM (Q 2644): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...610594650066944
A British soldier sitting inside a shell-hole made in a gas holder at Nieuport: © IWM (Q 2642): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...631989194883073
Elsie Knocker and Mairi Chisholm, driving a motor ambulance through Pervyse, near the Belgian frontlines: © IWM (Q 2660): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...662181934260225

Eastern Front
Austrian Third Army retakes Zaleszczycki and Sniatyn. German Suedarmee, Austrians and Turkish divisions force river Zbruch and beat off Siberian regiment and Royal Navy Air Service armored cars on July 31.
RNAS armored car shoots down strafing German plane on river Zbruch, Galicia.
Battle of Marasesti: Ongoing, but no further details this day.

Southern Front
Salonika: British hospital cases c.12,500 (mainly malaria).

Naval and Overseas Operations
East Africa: Sharp fighting reported; Germans driven from River Lugungu (half-way between Lake Nyassa and sea).
Announcement of H.M.S. Ariadne torpedoed and sunk, 38 lost.

Political, etc
Russia: Russian Provisional Government tells the Persian government it will no longer meddle in its internal affairs.
United Kingdom: British Premier Lloyd George says the French people “were as resolute as ever” after 3 years of war.
United States: U.S. government issues stricter press censorship rules to prevent further “misunderstanding.”

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Third Battle of Ypres (aka the Battle of PASSCHENDAELE) 1917 begins with Battle of Pilckem Ridge (see August 2nd and November 10th, 1917 and May 25th, 1915). Nine British and six French divisions attack at 0350 hours (sunrise) on 15-mile front from river Lys to river Yser after 3,091-gun barrage (British record). Objective to drive Germans from Pilckem Ridge commanding Ypres from south to northeast. Battle of Pilckem Ridge (until August 2): German Fourth Army, with counter-attack divisions, restricts Allied advance (15,000 BEF casualties, 12 VCs won, 19 tanks knocked out) as rain begins but it penetrates 1 1/4 -2 1/2 miles capturing 12 villages and parts of German second trench line. German losses are heavy, including 5,000 PoWs. French gain most.
British troops examine a captured German heavy machine gun at Ypres. They are wearing body armor: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...-1917.jpg?ssl=1
German prisoners helping bring in a British wounded at Ypres: © IWM (Q 6496): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...965451227586560
Aisne: French make small gains west of Chevregny ridge. 2 German battalions attack Cerney Plateau after 5-minute bombardment. Mangin put on reserve list following Nivelle Offensive inquiry.
Germany: Army Airship Service dissolved, 3 Zeppelins transferred to Naval Airship Division. Army has lost 26 airships and flown 232 bombing missions.
Wounded Canadian soldiers en route to Britain: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...707490643083264
Canadian soldiers advancing with tanks over no man's land: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...935235323154432

Eastern Front
Austro-German forces extend their hold on Galician front and stand on west bank of Zbrucz on front of over 30 miles.
Battle of Marasesti: Russians retiring in Czernovitz region.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Britain: 2,750 British ships now have hydrophone sets (for U-boat detection); 21 Atlantic convoys have escorted 354 ships for loss of only 2. Only 27 ships lost since May 1 in grand total of 8,894 ships convoyed, 18:1 advantage over independent sailings, 354 lost from c.3000.
Channel: British Dover Strait mine barrage now relaid.
Atlantic: U-boat sinks British SS Belgian Prince, 3 crew survive to tell of other 36 men’s murder (another source says 4 of 42). A different report of the incident: Belgian Prince was attacked by torpedo by U-55, Oberleutnant zur See Wilhelm Werner in command, 175 miles NW by W. of Tory Island, NW Ireland. The Captain (Harry Hassan) was taken prisoner by U-55 & held below deck. The other 41 crew members were lined up on the submarine's casing, but perhaps believing incorrectly that a British warship was in the vicinity, the submarine moved off & submerged, washing the survivors into the sea. [ed note: given the other actions by Werner, this is highly improbable.]
Their life-jackets & outer clothing had been taken from them & tossed overboard & their lifeboats had been smashed with axes. U-55 later fired two shots from her deck gun & Belgian Prince sank stern first at about 7:00 a.m. on Aug. 1, 1917. 39 lives in total were lost. Captain Hassan survived the war as a prisoner of war. Of the crew of 42, there were just 4 survi vors. Captain Hassan & i) Chief Engineer Thomas A. Bowman, ii) George Silessi, an able seaman, & iii) 2nd Cook William Snell, of Jacksonville, Florida, all 3 of whom were rescued by a British patrol vessel 11 hours later that day & told the story of what had happened.
Allied and neutral July shipping losses 224 ships worth 545,021t; German figure 555,514t (including 90,334 in Mediterranean plus 16,969 to Austrians); 6 U-boats sunk (1 by depth charges after ramming) but 11 commissioned and 95 ordered for completion by January 1, 1919.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Mesopotamia: Kut-Baghdad, Baghdad-Baquba and Sumaiha-Sadiya railways completed.
Persia: Since July Baratov’s Russian forces begin withdrawing until March 1918.

Political, etc
United Kingdom: In the Dundee by-election, Minister of Munitions Winston Churchill defeats Edwin Scrymgeour 78.2% to 21.8%.
China: Chinese Cabinet considers entering the war on the side of the Allies after Siam (Thailand) declared war on Germany.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
BEF at peak establishment strength of 2,044,627 (1,721,056 British) soldiers.
Third Battle of Ypres (aka the Battle of Passchendaele): Germans recapture St Julien (British recapture on August 3) and make gains near Ypres-Roulers rail line (British recapture on August 2). French gains on West bank of Yser Canal, taking 12 villages and 5000 German prisoners.
Francis Ledwidge, Irish war poet, is killed in action at Passchendaele: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...072397469343744
Guynemer, with Esc SPA 3, makes 3 kills during August.
France: In August first flight of Spad S13 fighter (220hp Hispano-Suiza engine).
Lorraine: In August US racing driver Rickenbacker transfers to AEF Aviation Section from being General Pershing’s chauffeur.
A downed German DFW C.V reconnaissance biplane at Pilckem, Belgium: © IWM (Q 11853 ): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...995668503547904
A damaged British tank after it was hit by enemy fire: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...012009419677696
A British soldier giving a wounded German soldier a cigarette at Pilckem, Belgium: © IWM (Q 2629): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...027119139684355

Eastern Front
Battle of Marasesti: End of first phase of Battle of Marasesti (see July 22nd). Austro-German advance on Czernowitz; occupy positions near Bessarabian frontier.
Galicia: Russian renews a “partial offensive” against the Central Powers in Galicia, but are forced to retreat along the Dniester. Specifically, the Russians drive German Südarmee back across river Zbruch at Gusiatyn. Combined Austro-German armies now hold 50 miles on west bank Zbrucz.

Southern Front
Mediterranean: In August the spy Compton Mackenzie is recalled from Aegean.

Naval and Overseas Operations
British hostpital ship HMHS Letitia runs aground in Halifax Harbour, causing one death: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...310209615585281

Political, etc
Russia: General Lavr Kornilov succeeds General Aleksei Brusilov as Russian Commander-in-Chief (see June 4th and September 8th). His order of the day condemns treachery of ‘certain units’.
Russian Provisional Government again states it has no aims of annexation and conquest.
Italy: The Pope sends Note to belligerent Governments appealing for peace (see July 30th, 1915; sent August 9, published August 14): Kaiser supports on August 17, but Allies very critical. Britain replies on August 23 and Wilson rejects on August 27, new German Government required. Benedict XV ascend the Holy throne in 1914 after the death of Pius X. He tried to mediate until the end in the First World War: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...kt-xv.jpg?ssl=1

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Third Battle of Ypres (aka the Battle of Passchendaele): Battle of Pilckem Ridge ends after max advance of 3,000 yards by 9 British divisions costs 31,850 casualties. Waterlogged shell holes began to appear.
German forces counterattack Allied lines and retake St. Julien and half of Westhoeck.
Then near Ypres, British forces retake positions between St. Julien and the Ypres-Roulers railway that were taken by the Germans.
Two pack mules carrying artillery shells through the Ypres mud: © IWM (Q 5941): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...358044461539328
British stretcher bearers carrying a wounded soldier through the mud during the 3rd Battle of Ypres: © IWM (Q 5935): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...373161752350721
British artillery gunners struggling through the mud pulling a field gun: © IWM (Q 5938): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...692727313440768
Artois: Germans storm some trenches on ‘Infantry Hill’ (Monchy-Arras).
British news-film “Topical Budget,” showing German prisoners at reconstruction work and other news: http://film.iwmcollections.org.uk/record/index/5418

Eastern Front
Battle of Marasesti: Battle of Mărăști ends in a marginal Romanian victory after retaking 500 square kilometers from Austria-Hungary and Germany.

Southern Front
Austria: 20 of 36 Capronis (10 damaged by anti-aircraft fire) reach Pola, drop 8t bombs on naval base (night August 2-3); 28 planes repeat it on night August 8-9.

Naval and Overseas Operations
A Sopwith Pup piloted by Squadron Leader E.H. Dunning, becomes the first aircraft to land on a ship at sea (that is, actually underway, as opposed to anchored). The aircraft successfully lands on the aircraft carrier HMS Furious, but Dunning is killed two days later while attempting a similar landing.
In this picture a Sopwith Strutter with side-slips launches from an aircraft carrier: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...ng-cv.jpg?ssl=1
North Sea: At Wilhelmshaven 600 men of German battleship Prinzregent Luitpold (after over 9 months idle in harbor) led by anarchist stokers Johann Beckers and Albin Kobis strike and stage mass walkout against draconian discipline and meagre rations, march back to ship. Kobis shouts ‘Down with the war! We no longer want to fight this war !’
Mutiny in German Fleet is crushed (temporarily), 18 arrested, 100s of men with ‘bad political attitudes’ transferred to shore statins or Flanders naval infantry brigade; 5 court-martialled for mutiny. Kobis and Seaman Reichpietsch of flagship Friedrich der Grosse sentenced to death (August 25) by firing-squad, carried out on September 5.
Pacific: German sailing ship raider Seeadler wrecked on Lord Howe Island (now Mopelia Island), having sunk 16 (6 British) ships or 30,099t in South Atlantic (45 PoWs). Captain Luckner and 5 crew captured in motor boat, Chilean schooner rescues rest.
The Seeadler: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...753135470604288

Political, etc
Germany: German war council, headed by Kaiser Wilhelm and attended by high military officials, meets in occupied Brussels.
France: Admiral Marie-Jean-Lucien Lacaze (Minister of Marine) and M. Denys Cochin (Under Secretary Foreign Affairs) resign from French Cabinet.
Italy: Pope Benedict XV issues a seven-point peace plan to the belligerent powers: http://www.firstworldwar.com/source/papalpeacenote.htm
United States: Frank Little, an American labor leader, is lynched in Butte, Montana for his pro-labor and anti-war activities: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...403362184003584
Resolution for a Constitutional amendment concerning the prohibition of alcohol is passed by the U.S. Senate 65 to 20.
Members of President Wilson’s Cabinet doing exercises. Assistant Secretary of the Navy Franklin D. Roosevelt is in the foreground: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...466235224584193
13 and 14-year-old boys working in a tobacco farm at Buckland, Connecticut: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...738031253409792

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Third Battle of Ypres (aka the Battle of Passchendaele): German 2nd Guard Reserve Division reduced to 2,208 men including 600 sick. British 39th Division captures St Julien after 3,861 casualties.
Artois: British success on ‘Infantry Hill’. Unsuccessful Allied attack astride the Scarpe on August 9.
A British staff officer demonstrates a German helmet and trench armor to King George V during a visit on the Western Front: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...iform.jpg?ssl=1

Eastern Front
Bukovina: Kovess’ (made Field Marshal by August 9 and Baron) Austro-German Third Army’s XIII Corps (42nd Honved Infantry Division and 5th Infantry Division) reoccupies capital Czernowitz, then 10 miles east regains Vama on August 5. Gheremissov’s Eighth Army having evacuated Kimpolung on August 2.
Rumania: 600 Russo-Rumanian guns begin 3-day bombardment (170,000 shells) for offensive on August 7 (cancelled).

Southern Front
Salonika: Milne ordered to send 18 pieces of 6-inch and 60-pounder guns to Egypt, then an infantry division on August 9; 10th Division relieved from August 19.

Naval and Overseas Operations
East Africa: Linforce action at Tandamuti: 3 British columns repulsed by Lettow’s concealed positions but Germans retreat West until August 4 to Narunyu. KAR Signal Coy formed.
Ethiopia: Lij Yasu escapes from fall of Dessie (Wollo Province’s capital), but no more resistance.

Political, etc
Germany: Ferdinand George Frobenius, German mathematician known for his work on group theory, passed away: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...055111051837441
Russia: Petrograd Soviet indicts Lenin for treason. Provisional Government decree decree dissolves Finnish Diet.
United Kingdom: Ship Repairing directorate formed.
United States: Emergency Fleet Cooperation requisitions all steel ships of over 2,500t building.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Boy, that first picture of King George was beautifully clear wasn't it! Not many from WWI come out that good!

Western Front
Third Battle of Ypres (aka the Battle of Passchendaele): Dead soldiers from a Highlanders regiment at Ypres awaiting burial: © IWM (Q 7814): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...393595411116032
French newsreel showing their I Corps in action at the 3rd Battle of Ypres: http://film.iwmcollections.org.uk/record/index/45416
French peasant women working in the Somme fields, retaken from the Germans. The Germans took all livestock (to be honest, that should read, “All the livestock not already confiscated by the French Army”): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...085316487290880

Eastern Front
Commander of the Austro-Hungarian 2nd Army von Bohm-Ermolli at the recapture of Czernowitz (Chernivtsi, Ukraine): © IWM (Q 23983): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...071541063364608
Russians rally and attack Austro-German forces on Zbrucz River; elsewhere Russian retreat continues.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Irish Sea: UC-44 sunk on UC-42 mines off Waterford after Room 40 sends bogus signal in code Germans discovered to be breaking. New FFB signal book recovered from wreck by diver-shipwright E C Miller.
Britain: Last 2 of 51 wartime-built R-class destroyers launched (since 14 May 1916), 11 modified R-class also built in 1917. First of 25 V-class destroyers (ordered June-August 1916) come into service (August 1917-June 1918). The ‘Admiralty Modified R’-class destroyer HMS Tower: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...royer.jpg?ssl=1

Political, etc
Russia: General Vasily Gourko arrested at his Petrograd home, kept in Fortress of Peter and Paul (until September 19) until allowed to sail for England.
Russian Premier Kerensky and other members of the cabinet submit resignations, but the Provisional Government does not accept them.
Statues and antiques worth 1.5 million rubles are stolen from the Senate and Synod building in Petrograd.
France: French accept formation of Czech Army on Western Front (talks since June 20); 2,000 volunteers by November.
France introduces bread rations, with each person receiving 500 grams per day.
United Kingdom: 3,000 Russian troops for Western Front land at Invergordon. King and Queen attend Westminster Abbey 3rd War Anniversary Service. National War Aims committee launched (3,192 constituency meetings by October).
Scandanavia: Norway, Holland: Governments offer shipping to Allies in return for food.
Belgium: Baron de Broqueville resigns as Belgian Minister for War (appointed February 28th, 1914) and succeeds Baron Beyens as Minister for Foreign Affairs (see January 18th, 1916, and January 1st, 1918). Lieut.-General A. de Ceuninck appointed Minister for War (see November 21st, 1918).
United States: Green Corn Rebellion occurs as Oklahomans in Seminole County rise up against the draft. The Green Corn Rebellion is quickly crushed, with three killed and 450 participants arrested.
Minor Allies: Liberia declares war on Germany (see May 5th, 1917 and April 10th, 1918).

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On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.