Western Front
Third Battle of Ypres: Continued lack of activity today, due to continued heavy rains.
German air raid on Nancy.
French attack west of Craonne is repulsed by Germans. 1,800 French guns and 460 mortars prepare way for limited offensive (until October 22) on 7 1/2-mile front, ie maximum of 1 gun to 6 yards with 120,000t of shells.
Allied transshipment at Boulogne to distribute goods on the Western Front: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...platz.jpg?ssl=1

Eastern Front
Operation Albion: Oesel Island fully in German possession. Germans claim 10,000 prisoners and 50 guns.
German attempt to throw bridge across Dvina frustrated.
Russian civilians evacuate Reval (Estonia).

Naval and Overseas Operations
Baltic: Operation Albion: Russian fleet assists defence in Moon Sound. Battleship Slava sunk. Royal Navy submarine C.27 (Sealy) torpedoes the minesweeper tender*Indianola, only success of numerous attacks.
East Africa: Battle of Nyangao and Mahiwa (until October 18): Whale evacuates Nyangao, but Lettow’s 1,000 men with 2 guns reinforce him to surround Nigerian Brigade in two groups, which loses 300 casualties and 1 gun. Belgians rescue convoy of prisoners south-east of Mahenge.
Northern Russia: Main body of Royal Navy Air Service Armoured Car Squadron sails from Archangel (most land at Newcastle on October 29).

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Three Royal Flying Corps No 30 Squadron Martinsydes (1 forced down) bomb Kifri airfield (and on October 31, 4 aircraft lost).

Political, etc
Germany: Pan-German propaganda.
United Kingdom: Mr. Bonar-Law announces future Air Ministry Bill.
United States: Chicago White Sox wins the 1917 World Series, defeating the New York Giants 4 games to 2.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Third Battle of Ypres: Continued lack of activity today, due to continued heavy rains.
British soldiers pulling a 18-pounder gun through the mud near Langemarck during the 3rd Battle of Ypres: © IWM (Q 3007): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...922629741629440
Verdun: Germans enter French trenches at Hill 344.
Great artillery activity north-east of Soissons.
Germany: Eight DH4s of No 55 Squadron (41st Wing) RFC bomb Burbach works, near Saarbruecken (and on October 25), works and houses damaged (14 casualties).

Eastern Front
Operation Albion: German attempt to land on Dago Island supported by naval guns is repulsed.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Baltic: Operation Albion: Naval engagements Gulf of Riga.
The Russian battleship Grashdanin was launched 1901 with only 13.210 tons and four 12-inch guns as main armament, while the sunken
Slava was from 1903 with 15,000 tons with the same armament: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...danin.jpg?ssl=1
East Africa: Battle of Nyangao and Mahiwa: O’Grady’s Linforce a mile from Nigerian Brigade as both sides retreat after ferocious, confused, close-quarter fighting. British lose 2,348 casualties (528 Nigerians), 1 gun and 9 MGs plus over 352 carriers. Lettow loses 519 men and abandons Königsberg gun. British claim 918 PoWs alone from October 15-18.
German cruiser-minelayers Bremse and Brummer surprise and destroy British-escorted Bergen-Lerwick-Britain convoy in North Sea and sink British destroyers Strongbow and Mary Rose (see December 12th), and nine merchantmen; 135 lost. No radio warning got off, 30 Royal Navy cruisers and 54 destroyers at sea, but powerless.
U.S. transport Antilles torpedoed: 67 lost.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Turkish air reconnaissance finds no Cyprus preparations for British landing in Gulf of Alexandretta.

Political, etc
Russia: Government prepares to move to Moscow from Petrograd.
Australia: Australian trans-continental railway joined up.
Turkey: Kaiser Wilhelm is made an honorary Marshal of the Ottoman Army in Constantinople: © IWM (Q 23735): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...998628516601856
United States: U.S. government begins censoring foreign newspapers that do not get a special license. [Note: again, not the full story. German-language newspapers mostly folded, due to deliberate bureaucratic delays which prevented them from getting the “special” license.
Veterans of the Siege of Vicksburg from both the Union and Confederacy meet together in Vicksburg, Mississippi: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...968432455426051
Netherlands: Holland replies to British Note re: transport of gravel and sand.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Third Battle of Ypres: Continued lack of activity today, due to continued heavy rains.
France: Haig and Petain meet at Amiens, former agrees by November 2 to extend BEF line to Oise.
Aisne: French repulse attack on Vauclere Plateau, west of Craonne.
Two Frenchwomen visit the site of their ruined home in Beaurains: © IWM (Q 6103): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...665019980791808

Eastern Front
Operation Albion: Moon Island and Dagö Island (Baltic) captured by German forces (see 11th and 12th).
Germans claim 5,000 PoWs.

Southern Front
Renewed local fighting on Trentino and Carnia fronts.

Naval and Overseas Operations
‘This destroyer is needed to sink Hun submarines’ reads the sign on the right. This US destroyer was built in 17 days: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...royer.jpg?ssl=1
The SS Antilles, a US transport, sunk yesterday by U-62, resulting in 62 deaths; the deadliest US military loss in the war so far: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...316979138871296
East Africa: Report re: German activity near Jibuti (French Somaliland).
Battle of Nyangao and Mahiwa: Fighting continues round Nyangoa; considerable casualties on both sides.
Harnorce KAR and Gold Coast Regiment with 2 armored cars just hold Major Kraut’s counter-attack at Lukuledi Mission and occupy it on October 19.

Political, etc
Germany: (Listed for yesterday): German Socialists in the Reichstag threaten to vote against a 10 billion Mark war loan unless Chancellor Michaelis resigns.
Russia: Kerensky decides to move capital to Moscow. Kuban Cossack Rada declares republic.
War Minister proposes 2.5 million reduction in Army to improve moral; all politics to cease after elections from November 15. 43,000 out of 210,000 Russian officers unemployed but still 121 Austro-German divisions on Eastern Front.
Turkey: Kaiser Wilhelm and Sultan Mehmed V visiting the Dardanelles: © IWM (Q 98410): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...301880311500807
United States: Dutch shipping in American ports to be utilised.
Navy Secretary Daniels calls Liberty loan U-boat*(on display New York) ‘this stiletto of modern warfare’; 58 German national aliens arrested at Hoboken Docks NJ (without warrant).
Hoover launches lower food price campaign.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Third Battle of Ypres: Continued lack of activity today, due to continued heavy rains.
Thirteen dirigibles attempt to raid east and north-east England and London; 11 German airships actually attack England. Larger type of Zeppelin used; 660lb bomb hits Piccadilly Circus; 36 killed, 55 injured. 78 defense sorties cost 4 wrecked aircraft. L-44 shot down at St. Clement by French anti-aircraft fire from 19,000ft; L-45 crash lands and burnt by crew west of Sisteron (Provence); L-46 shot down at Laragne; L-49 shot down at Bourbonne-les-Bains near Langres, falls into French hands on October 20th; L-50 disappears, is later thought to have been brought down in the Mediterranean on October 21st. (Last airship raid on London.) (See May 31st, 1915 and August 5th, 1918).
This is the gondola of L-54, which was to take part in the famous raid by 13 Zeppelins on this day, only to be scattered by high winds: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...ndola.jpg?ssl=1
Troops of the Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) with a bottle of wine in the ruins of Arras: © IWM (Q 6099): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...695473647771648

Eastern Front
Operation Albion: Germans land on Dago Island. German forces strengthen control over the islands in the Gulf of Riga, claiming 10,000 Russian prisoners and 50 artillery guns.
Germans fail in effort to fraternise on Romanian front.

Naval and Overseas Operations
British armed mercantile cruiser Orana torpedoed and sunk; no lives lost.
East Africa: Battle of Nyangao and Mahiwa: Action of Nyangao (German East Africa) ends (see 16th). Deventer cancels another attack, replaces Beves with Cunliffe as GOC*Linforce. Lettow gains respite.

Political, etc
Russia: Russian government report reveals that the Russian Army morale is abysmal and soldiers are ready to lay down their arms and go home. Munition Works removed from Petrograd.
United States: U.S.A. embargo on trade with Northern Neutrals.
Spain: British films not allowed public screening.
Sweden: Liberal Swedish Cabinet formed by Professor Nils Eden: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...951410472058881

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Third Battle of Ypres: 45 Royal Flying Corps Sopwith Camel fghters and Spads (2 lost) attack Rumbeke airfield southeast of Roulers from 400ft, also claim 7 German aircraft in air combats.
Sopwith Camel fighter in flight: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...light.jpg?ssl=1
Horses struggling to pull supplies through the mud of Ypres: © IWM (E(AUS) 963): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...042257595322368
Violent artillery action on Aisne front.
The Jocks, an entertainment troupe of the British 15th Division, at Blangy, France: © IWM (Q 6107): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...981613147590657
German zeppelin LZ-85/L-49 (one is factory designation, the other naval designation) brought down in France after encountering mechanical problems and fuel leaks after bombing England: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...314802458226688

Eastern Front
Operation Albion: German conquest of the Baltic Islands completed. Islands of Dago and Schilden captured by Germans.
Germans retire to Skuli-Lemburg line 30 miles east of Riga to prepared positions.

Southern Front
Macedonia: Germans report French attack repulsed between Skumbi valley and L. Ochrida.
Italian Front: Czech officer deserter warns Italians of offensive on October 26 between Plezzo and sea; 2 Rumanian deserters warn of breakthrough to come at Tolmino. General Capello (flu) hands Second Army to newcomer General Montuori; returns from Padua on October 22 when attack imminent, but illness again forces relinquishment. Austro-German attack postponed from October 20 to 24, their guns begin to register.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Baltic: Operation Albion: British submarine sinks German transport in Gulf of Riga.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Mesopotamia: Turkish troops driven across Diala river.

Political, etc
Russia: Lenin returns to Petrograd from Finland (by now estimated 240,000 Bolsheviks).
Poland: Allies recognise Polish National Committee.
Greece: Archbishop of Athens degraded for "Anathema" ceremony of 25 December 1916.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Those poor horses pulling supplies through the mud. Bet they'd rather have stayed in the barn that day.

Western Front
Third Battle of Ypres: Continued lack of activity today, due to continued heavy rains.
Verdun: Germans make strong attack at Bezonvaux.
Saarbrucken bombed by British.
Dunkirk bombed by Germans.
Lorraine: US TROOPS ENTER LINE: US 1st Division joins French in Luneville sector. Each American unit is attached to a French unit.
March of American soldiers to the French Western Front: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...front.jpg?ssl=1
British tank at a training exercise at Wailly, France for the upcoming Battle of Cambrai: © IWM (Q 7281): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...708143779856384
X-ray being used to examine a bullet wound in a French soldier’s arm: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...799000248016897

Eastern Front
Operation Albion: Germans land on Russian mainland at Verder, but the Russians are able to repel German attempt to land eight miles north of Verder Peninsula.
Germans claim 20,000 prisoners and 100 guns in last nine days' fighting. (Another site is more specific: 20,130 PoWs and 141 guns since October 12 for 54 killed.)
Russian Southwest Front: 84,948 officers and men on [Workers’ and Soldiers’] committees.

Southern Front
Considerable artillery activity on Italian front.
Monastir shelled again.
Italian Front: Cadorna cables British DMO Major-General Maurice ‘The attack is coming but I am confident of being able to meet it.’

Naval and Overseas Operations
Baltic: Operation Albion: The bulk of the Russian fleet (20 ships) escapes north out of Moon Sound, and head to the Gulf of Finland.
North Sea: Ostend bombarded by British ships. Monitors Erebus and Terror (off Dunkirk) survive total of 4 torpedo hits (from 3 German torpedo boats) thanks to bulge protection.
East Africa: Hanforce saves Lukuledi prison and pushes German colonial forces 2 miles south towards Ndanda, but retires north back to Ruponda from October 22 to November 7.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Turkish attack on Arab stronghold at Petra repulsed.
British troops drive back Ottoman forces across the Diyala River north of Baghdad.

Political, etc
Russia: Russian Soviet's Peace Terms issued.
United Kingdom: British troops receiving their beer rations at Wimbledon Commons: © IWM (Q 53967): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...768795399536640

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Third Battle of Ypres: Franco-British advance on 2.5-mile front between Poelcapelle and Houthulst Forest, southern end of Forest captured, 200 prisoners, but attackers are hampered by mud and rain.
Two Sopwith Camel fighters of No 45 Squadron strafe & temporarily scatter 2 German battalions on Staden-Houthulst road.

Eastern Front
Operation Albion: On the night 21-22 October Germans retire on wide front between Riga Bay and River Dvina.

Southern Front
Dolom: Italians repulse strong Austro-German attack on Cadore front.
Isonzo: German Fourteenth Army now in start positions. Tapped telephone warns Italians of artillery barrage from 0200 hours on October 24.
Italian deserters crossing no-man’s land toward Austro-Hungarian and German lines near Tolmin (Slovenia): © IWM (Q 61007): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...132987029925888
Officers and NCOs of an Austrian ‘Sturmpatrouille’, witing to strike on the Italian Front: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...opers.jpg?ssl=1

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Mesopotamia: Falkenhayn orders Turkish XVIII Corps (4000-6000 soldiers) south from Tikrit west of Tigris but soon retreats before General Cobbe on October 23, whom Maude orders on October 28 to attack Turkish position 12 miles south of Tikrit.

Political, etc
Germany: Kaiser Wilhelm returns to Berlin for his wife Augusta Victoria’s birthday and to meet with the Chancellor.
Russia: Petrograd Soviet hold stormy meeting; Trotsky demands peace; accuses Kerenski of treason; defense of Petrograd arranged.
United States: U.S. begins appropriation of raw material for war purchased and stored by Germans in U.S. during first two years of war.
US War Department estimates 38 million men are armed in the war, 27.5 million of them on the Allies side.
“The Adventurer,” starring and directed by Charlie Chaplin, is released: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipe...%281917%29.webm

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Third Battle of Ypres: Germans regain a little ground southern end Houthulst Forest. In evening Germans' seventh counter-attack on Ypres front since 22nd repulsed.
Aisne: Battle of La Malmaison (‘Laffaux Corner’, until November 1): A second 1917 triumph for Petain’s carefully planned limited attack strategy. Maistre’s Sixth Army attacks with 8 divisions at 0515 hours in fog and cold, aided later by c.80 tanks, captures 3 villages and Fort Malmaison; 8,000 PoWs and 70 guns in 2-mile advance. A German division is heavily gassed and routed. French advance on Chavignon in Laffaux salient; Germans withdraw behind Oise-Aisne Canal.
Attack of French Schneider tanks: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...ion-1.jpg?ssl=1
Verdun: Germans gain footing north-east Hill 344 but driven out.
Germany: OHL appreciation: ‘The guiding principle of our general military situation remains…that the decision lies in the Western theater of war’; Major Wetzell of operations section submits proposals for a spring 1918 offensive on Western Front.
Lorraine: First American shot fired in a land theater of active operations. At 0605 hours by Sergeant Alex L Arch’s French-made 75mm gun of Battery C, 6th Field Artillery, 1st Infantry Division near Xanrey. First American wounded with AEF (a Second Lieutenant).
A Gordon Highlander soldier tending to his trench garden at Heninel, France: © IWM (Q 6131): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...421142102605824

Eastern Front
Operation Albion: Attempted German landing eight miles south of Verder repulsed. Germans have retired 20 miles since night October 21-22 from northeast of Riga, destroying bridges to shorten line. Russians follow up on October 24.

Southern Front
Isonzo: Strong Austro-Hungarian concentration towards Upper Isonzo and Bainsizza Plateau; Mt. Rombon to Bainsizza heavily shelled.

Political, etc
Russia: Bolshevik Central Committee votes 10-2 for Lenin’s armed uprising; Trotsky to organize 20,000-strong Red Guard (Petrograd armored car unit defects to Reds on October 24).
France: M. Louis Barthou succeeds M. Alexandre Ribot as French Foreign Minister (see September 12th and November 14th).
United Kingdom: Mr. John Redmond's motion on Irish Government.
United States: New York Police thwart Sinn Fein Easter 1918 Rising plot.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Third Battle of Ypres: German attack in Houthulst Forest repulsed.
Aisne: Battle of La Malmaison (‘Laffaux Corner’, until November 1): French reach banks of Oise-Aisne Canal; claim 11,000 prisoners to date.
Verdun: Germans attack on Chaume Wood repulsed.
Germany: 9 Handley Page bombers (2 lost) of RNAS ‘A’ Squadron and 14 FE.2bs (2 lost) raid industrial and rail targets in Saarbruecken area.
Three German POWs, two of them wounded, captured on the Western Front near Arras: © IWM (Q 6134): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...496680292954118

Eastern Front
Operation Albion: Russians begin to evacuate Kronstadt.
Russian re-occupy area around Dvina, to 30 miles south-east of Riga.

Southern Front
Isonzo: Twelfth Battle Of Isonzo, aka, the Battle of Caporetto (until November 9): begins on misty, rainy day with 0200 hours hurricane bombardment of 4 hours (including 2 hours of gas shells that Italian gas masks unable to cope with so guns fall silent). Austro-German assault (10 divisions) at 0800 hours on 20-mile front penetrates along valleys up to 14 miles isolating, panicking and destroying 3 Italian divisions (18,000 PoWs and 100 guns) (another source claims only 10,000 PoWs) east of Upper Isonzo, although flanking armies’ attacks fail. German 12th (Silesian) Division takes Caporetto at 1530 hours. Cadorna belatedly calls up 9 reserve divisions and orders Tagliamento defences. Austrian Jewish-born lyric poet Lieutenant Franz Janowitz (2nd Tyrol Sharpshooter Regiment) mortally wounded by MG in assault on Mt Rombon, dies on November 4, aged 25.
German mortar at the Isonzo. For the offensive, Austrians and Germans organized the strongest artillery concentration in the Alpine area so far: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...sonzo.jpg?ssl=1
Caproni bombers make 18 raids on Austro-German troops (until c. November 14) but forced to move bases behind Piave.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Baltic: Operation Albion: Royal Navy submarine C.32, trapped in Gulf of Riga, beaches in Vaist Bay west of Pernau. Russian submarine Gepard probably mined on October 28, but trapped British C.26 (Downie) reaches Hangoe (Finland) at third attempt on December 13.
North Sea: Harwich Force flagship cruiser Centaur badly damaged by own depth charges washed overboard after vain night sortie to catch German destroyers.

Political, etc
United Kingdom: Premier Lloyd George claims the Germans are trying to arm Sinn Fein and aid another uprising in Ireland.
Brazil: Troops seizes 43 interned German merchant ships.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Verdun: Germans gain footing north of Chaume Wood.
Aisne: Further French advance on Aisne front; Filain captured in closing up to river Aillette and Oise Canal; 160 guns taken since 23rd. By October 26 for 12,000 casualties they take 11,157 PoWs; 200 guns; 222 mortars; 720 MGs.

Eastern Front
Operation Albion: German attempt to consolidate on Verder Peninsula momentarily frustrated. German forces continue to withdraw to the Dvina River near Riga without a fight to shorten their lines. Military threat to Petrograd ends.

Southern Front
Isonzo: Twelfth Battle Of Isonzo, aka, the Battle of Caporetto (until November 9): Austro-German pincers close behind Mt Nero. Lieutenant Rommel’s Wurttemberg Mountain Battalion from Alpenkorps seizes Mts Kuk and Cragonza on Kolovrat Ridge with 3,600 Italian PoWs including 4th Bersaglieri Brigade. Austrian 22nd Division seizes Stol Ridge (night October 25-26). Fourteenth Army now has 30,000 PoWs and 300 guns and Second Isonzo Army (over 1,000 casualties) division takes c.4,000 PoWs and 60 guns on Bainsizza. Cadorna refuses Capello’s advice to retreat to river Torre and possibly Tagliamento after General Montuori says at 2100 hours attack can be held. Italians retreat from Plezzo to south-west of Tolmino and prepare to evacuate Bainsizza Plateau.
An Italian trench unit is captured by Austrians. Italian fighting morale reached its lowest point: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...tzung.jpg?ssl=1
A wrecked Italian transport and gun position in the mountains captured by the Germans and Austro-Hungarians. © IWM (Q 60441): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...852736760274945
Italian troops in retreat: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...874154273181697
Salonika: British 27th Division (77 casualties) captures three villages east of river Struma taking 106 PoWs and 1 MG but main garrisons escape.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Baltic: Operation Albion: German ships from Moon Sound bombard Kuno Island near Pernau.
Captured German U-boat SM UC-5, being displayed in New York City to encourage buying of war bonds: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...197479759249409

Political, etc
France: Franco-British convention for Military Service.
Ireland: Sinn Fein convention in Dublin.
Italy: Signor Paolo Boselli, Italian Premier, resigns and his cabinet falls as a result of the Italian disaster at Caporetto (see 29th and June 15th, 1916). Vittorio Orlando succeeds on October 29.
United States: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics show food prices have increased 47% since 1913 due to the war.
Norway: Polar explorer Amundsen returns his three German decorations because of 17 Norwegian sailors’ deaths in North Sea on October 17, 1917.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Second Battle of Passchendaele phase of the Third Battle of Ypres begins (see 12th and November 6th and 10th): Franco-British attack east, north-east and north of Ypres. British positions improved from Passchendaele to Poelcapelle.
French capture Draaibank; bad weather.
‘The enemy charged like a wild bull against the iron wall which kept him from our U-boat bases’ (Ludendorff). Main thrusts against Houthulst Forest (French), Poelcapelle, Canadian Corps (426 guns; 1,558 casualties) attacks (at 0530 hours, in rain) and gains 1,000 yds on 2,800-yd front towards Passchendaele, Bercelaere, Gheluvelt (c.3,500 British casualties) and Zandvorde. Canadians gain rising ground southwest of Passchendaele on two spurs.
Canadian gunners in the mud of Passchendaele: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...s-mud.jpg?ssl=1
Australian troops on a muddy road marching towards Passchendaele: © IWM (E(AUS) 1222): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...221451456512000

Eastern Front
Operation Albion: No new developments inland, but see Naval Operations, below.

Southern Front
Isonzo: Twelfth Battle Of Isonzo, aka, the Battle of Caporetto (until November 9): Bainsizza Plateau evacuated. Krauss’ 3 Austrian divisions cross Stol Ridge (6,467ft) and capture Mt Maggiore. After 12-mile advance Rommel captures Mts Mrzli and Matajur (5,414ft) with 2,700 Salerno Brigade PoWs who defy officers to surrender; 2 German divisions 5 miles from Cividale, headquarter of Italian Second Army. Austrian Second Isonzo Army penetrates Italian Bainsizza second line and First Isonzo Army reports Italian retreat on Carso. Germans claim 60,000 PoWs and 500 guns to date. Lloyd George orders CIGS to send 2 British Western Front divisions to Italy.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Baltic: Operation Albion: German squadron bombards Khainash, 40 miles south of Pernau. Transports appear 12 miles further south.

Political, etc
Brazil: Brazil declares war on Germany. President Braz announces the absurd claim that the Germans were caught in plot to invade.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Second Battle of Passchendaele phase of the Third Battle of Ypres: French and Belgians advance astride Ypres-Dixmude road, penetrating up to 1 3/4 miles.
Royal Flying Corps and balloons help engage 116 German batteries and over 200 other targets. 2 German airfields bombed. Night bombers strike 7 more and 3 railway stations and other targets (night October 27-28).
German prisoners help a wounded Canadian soldier walk away from the frontlines: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...605166686908419
Aisne: French progress on Aisne front, occupy Froidmont Farm, fail to cross Canal.
U.S.A. troops and artillery in action in France for first time.

Eastern Front
Operation Albion: Germans retire from Verder Peninsula, having accomplished the destruction of most of the Russwian troops in the area.
Germans again attempt to fraternise with Russians North and Center.

Southern Front
Isonzo: Twelfth Battle Of Isonzo, aka, the Battle of Caporetto (until November 9): Cadorna orders general retreat at 0230 hours, already widely happening on jammed roads. German Alpenkorps and 2 other divisions reach river Torre beyond Cividale. Cadorna accepts Foch’s offer from October 26 of 4 French divisions. Cividale, west of Isonzo in flames and occupied by Germans, who claim 80,000 prisoners to date.
Italian mechanized transport coloumn retreats during the Battle of Caporetto: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...retto.jpg?ssl=1
Austro-Hungarian soldier holding two carrier pigeons: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...846767891943424

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine: Third Battle of Gaza begins (see April 19th and November 7th). 218 British guns shell Gaza (until October 31, Allied naval bombardment from October 29); British cavalry in action in center of Gaza front, 8th Mounted Brigade holds Turkish 3rd Cavalry Division reconnaissance in force north of El Baqqar.
RFC aircraft patrol in pairs to cover Allenby’s concentration, Bristol Fighter destroys German two-seater plane before it can return with vital photos on October 30. Air photography has plotted 131 Turkish batteries.
Arabia: Maulud’s 550 Arabs near Petra repel 4 Turk battalions, cavalry regiment and 10 guns from Maan.

Political, etc
United States: (Listed for yesterday): U.S. War Department approves Ignacy Jan Paderewski’s plans to create an independent Polish legion for service in Europe.
Poland: Polish Regency Council takes office.
Spain: Army brings about fall of Cabinet in Spain.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Second Battle of Passchendaele phase of the Third Battle of Ypres: French continue progress in Belgium. Canadian losses since October 26 2,481 soldiers, but 370 German PoWs taken.
Verdun: Germans gain footing from Chaume Wood to Bezonvaux.
Aisne: French attack on Oise-Aisne Canal and German counter-attack both fail. German “attack” in Champagne repulsed.
Lieutenant Gontermann, top-scoring German ‘balloon buster’ (39 victories since April 8; see picture on June 24, 1917), dies when his Jasta 15 Fokker Dr I breaks up in flight; shortly after all German triplanes temporarily grounded. First 5 of 12 fighter Jagdgruppen (36-75 aircraft each) made permanent.
French troops at a captured German war cemetery near Bixschoote: © IWM (Q 78977): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...209138686660608

Eastern Front
Operation Albion: Germans bring the operation to a close, having accomplished all their objectives.

Southern Front
Isonzo: Twelfth Battle Of Isonzo, aka, the Battle of Caporetto (until November 9): Gorizia retaken by Austro German forces, and continue until eight miles further west.
Italian 2nd and 3rd Armies retreat. Italians retreat from Carnia front.
Germans claims now reach 100,000 prisoners.
Despite rain and snowstorms German 200th Division crosses river Torre at 0400 hours and occupies Udine (now Venetia) 20 hours after Comando Supremo and Second Army headquarters evacuate, latter formation split in two.
Infantry crosses a river in Northern Italy during the Battle of Coporetto: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...alien.jpg?ssl=1
Abandoned Italian equipment at Cividale del Friuli, as the Germans and Austro-Hungarian advance continues: © IWM (Q 85982): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...968845827764224

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine: Third Battle of Gaza: Allied forces continue their bombardment of Turkish positions.

Political, etc
France: French newsreel showing recent advances from the Aisne River to the Chemin des Dames: http://www.iwm.org.uk/embed/?id=106...media_id=379430 [note: won’t play for me, you might have better luck]
Italy: Signor Vittorio Orlando Italian Prime Minister.
United States: U.S. second Liberty Loan: $1,000,000,000 has been subscribed.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Second Battle of Passchendaele phase of the Third Battle of Ypres: The destroyed square of Ypres: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...657119990812672
Dunkirk, Calais, Belfort bombed: 1 of 3 Gotha bombers (2 attack Calais) sent drops 8 bombs between Burnham and Southend. Hit and run raid (11 bombs) against Dover at night October 30-31.

Southern Front
Isonzo: Twelfth Battle Of Isonzo, aka, the Battle of Caporetto (until November 9): Austro-Hungarians drive Italians back along Carnia front. Below orders Tagliamento bridges’ seizure; Italians blow Codroipo bridges prematurely leaving 12,000 men on wrong side, but XXIV Corps holds off pursuit to cross flooding river lower down. Third Army crosses Isonzo. Cadorna issues preliminary orders for retreat to Piave. 3 Italian cavalry brigades charge Austro-German advanced guards west of Udine on October 30. Cadorna communique blames Second Army for collapse.
Blown-up bridges, such as the railway viaduct of Salcano near Gorizia over the Isonzo, present serious obstacles to the advance of the forces of the Central Powers: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...sonzo.jpg?ssl=1
German troops after their capture of Udine, Italy: © IWM (Q 60438): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...595447414607872
Austro-Hungarian troops entering the city of Gorizia, Italy after its capture: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...611804420038658
Salonika: 8 German fighters shoot down 2 of 5 Royal Flying Corps aircraft after they bomb Cestovo dump (also bombed on November 5).

Naval and Overseas Operations
(Listed for yesterday): US troopship SS Finland is damaged by German submarine SM U-93, resulting in 9 deaths. Ship in Brest, France, for repairs, revealing damage: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...270814534434816
East Africa: General Northey captures Liwale; Germans driven south-east.
Baltic: German battleship Markgraf mined in Irben Strait, Gulf of Riga. Capital ships subsequently withdrawn back to High Seas Fleet due to mine and British submarine threat (3 battleships attacked).
Eastern Mediterranean: Anglo-French naval bombardment of Gaza resumes (average by 1 cruiser, 4 monitors, 2 gunboats, 2 destroyers).

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Palestine: Third Battle of Gaza: See naval action, above.

Political, etc
Germany: Kaiser Wilhelm tells Austro-Hungarian Emperor “Forward with God,” in the congratulation message for the ongoing offensive against Italy.:
United Kingdom: Parliament's thanks voted to Navy and Army.
Italy: (Listed for yesterday): Eugenio Elia Levi, Italian mathematician known for his work on group theory and other mathematical fields, is killed in action at Caporetto: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...240612781674498
United States: 2nd Liberty Bond is bought by 9.4 million people, exceeding the $1bn goal, raising $3.8 billion dollars for the U.S. war effort: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...331208569389057
Propaganda on Germany’s postwar plans for the world, produced by the National Security League, a U.S. nationalist organization: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...361395587702785
“Coney Island,” short comedy film directed by Roscoe Arbuckle and starring him and Buster Keaton, is released: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipe...R_KEATON.web m

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On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.