Western Front
Third Battle of Ypres: Battle of the Menin Road Ridge begins (see 25th): British advance east of Ypres and take Inverness Copse, Glencorse Wood, Veldhoek and part of Polygon Wood and 2,000 prisoners.
Australian soldiers run across the field while being targeted by artillery during the Battle of Menin Road: © IWM (E(AUS) 737):
https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...454775271043072
Third Allied attack of ‘Third Ypres’, directed by Plumer begun in mist. Main weight of attack with 11 divisions and 52 tanks thrusts against Passchendaele-Gheluvelt line in attempt to win high ground between Ypres and Roulers-Menin railway. Under unprecedented fire-layered 8-hour creeping barrage with gun to every 5.2 yards, British capture Inverness Copse, Glencorse Wood, Veld hoek, Hollebeke and part of Polygon Wood in average 1,500 yard advance despite 11 counter-attacks. Sergant W Burman of 16th Rifle Brigade uses his sword to kill 11 Germans in an MG post, wins Victoria Cross. GOC 19th Division T Bridges severely wounded, loses a leg. Letter from Captain Patton, US Cavalry, to wife: ‘
The Germans shoot a gas which makes people vomit [note: this is ‘mustard gas’, known to the Germans as ‘Yperite’]
and when they take off the masks to spit they shoot the deadly gas at them. It is a smart idea is it not ?’.
Royal Flying Corps RE8s plus balloons report or direct fire at 208 German batteries. 112 air combats, 11 British and 7 German aircraft lost.
British soldiers attempt to identify dead during the Third Battle of Ypres:
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A damaged German memorial at a war cemetery captured by the French: © IWM (Q 78160):
https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...213193372504070
Australian troops trying to rescue an officer whose parachute became entangled in a tree after he jumped from a balloon: © IWM (Q 5983):
https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...484989556477958
Eastern Front
The Central Powers attack thrice in Susitza Valley (Moldavia); repulsed by Romanians.
Southern Front
French and Albanian troops raid Austrians in Skumbi valley (Albania); 400 prisoners.
Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
General Cassini's column defeat Nuri Pasha at Zanzur (west of Tripoli City); Libyan rebel losses 1,600 etc.
Trans-Caucasia declares itself a Republic.
Russians defeat Turks near Ortobo (Bitlis, September 25).
Political, etc
Germany: Germany opens its 7th war loan to raise 50 million Marks for the war effort, urging the public to buy bonds.
Russia: General Mikhail Alexeiev resigns, Nikolai Dukhonin becomes effective C-in-C.
Executive Committee of the Petrograd Soviet resigns due to continued divisions within the fledgling Russian government.
United Kingdom: Sir A. Yapp, Food Controller.
Chambers of Commerce meets for better understanding of British war aims; addressed by Lord Northcliffe.
United States: Nation War Convention of U.S.A.
300,000 more conscripted Americans head to U.S. Army Camps to train for the war.
Argentina: Argentine Senate votes 23 to 1 to break off diplomatic relations with Germany.