Western Front
Both the Allies and Germany at Passchendaele (3rd Ypres) each suffered around 250,000 casualties, but the numbers remain disputed. {in particular, most of the estimates of German casualties throughout the war come from British intelligence sources, which are utterly unreliable, and frequently fantastical.}
Flanders: Heavy rain; German artillery active against new positions on Passchendaele ridge.
The village of Passchendaele before and after the battle:
https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...097616390057984
Alsace: German raid repulsed at Hartmannsweilerkopf.
MONS CONFERENCE of the OHL: Erich Ludendorff, Georg von Wetzell (principal OHL strategist), Herman von Kuhl (CoS Army Group Rupprecht), and Friedrich von der Schulenberg (CoS Army Group Crown Prince). Ludendorff proposes great offensive on Western Front in ‘New Year’.
Southern Front
Isonzo: Twelfth Battle Of Isonzo, aka, the
Battle of Caporetto: Austro-German forces reach the Piave. From Belluno Austrians advance down the Piave towards Feltre; They renew attacks on Asiago Plateau without success. The Battle of Caporetto melds into the
First Battle of the Piave (until December 30). Austrians gain small bridgehead at Zenson (night November 12-13) 17 miles from river mouth, 20 miles northeast of Venice and occupy islands in river on November 13. Archduke Eugene moves headquarter from Klagenfurt to Udine.
German and Austro-Hungarian troops begin attacking Italian positions around Monte Grappa in the Venetian Prealps. First 2 British divisions (23rd and 41st) begin arriving in Mantua area, complete November 21.
Unseemable quantities of war material left by the Italians in their hasty escape behind the Piave:
https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...retto.jpg?ssl=1
Naval and Overseas Operations
Eastern Mediterranean:
UC-38 (Hans Wendlandt), one of 3 U-boats sent to help Turks since October 31, sinks British monitor
M.15 (26 dead) and destroyer
Staunch off Gaza, rest of squadron retire to Port Said.
East Africa: Two British columns meet at Ndonda, Germans flee to hills near Portuguese border.
Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Turks organize new line of defense covering Jerusalem and Hebron.
Political, etc
Russia: Reports from Petrograd of disorder spreading; Kerenski's forces reach Tsarskoe Selo. Military cadets in Petrograd launch a counterrevolutionary mutiny, known as the Junker mutiny, against the Bolsheviks, but are quickly crushed due to limited support. Bolsheviks crush Cadet ‘Bloody Sunday’ rising in Petrograd and take Krasnoyarsk. Reds control Saratov on Volga.
Troops loyal to Russian Premier Kerensky, mostly Don Cossacks, take Tsarskoye Selo and prepare to attack the Bolsheviks in Petrograd:
https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...302943257546752
United States: First of 247 fast, four-funnel flush-decker destroyers launched (until April 11, 1921) USS
Little (serves at Queenstown, Ireland 1918).
Queen Liliuokalani, the last monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii, passed away:
https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...393493566517248