Western Front
Third Battle of Ypres: First Battle Of Passchendaele: II Anzac Corps attack attack north-east of Ypres on six-mile front from French right to Ypres-Roulers railway. Some progress all alone line, but rain stops big advance. New Zealand troops suffered more than 2,000 casualties, including more than 800 deaths, making it the nation's largest loss of life in one day.
German manpower wastage compels Ludendorff to divert 12 divisions, already moving from East Front to Italy, to Flanders.
Exhausted Australian stretcher bearers rest in the mud of Broodseinde Ridge at Ypres: © IWM (E(AUS) 941):
https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...130351951802368
British walking wounded coming back from the front, passing by incoming reinforcements at Ypres: © IWM (Q 3006):
https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...160414399172608
Morning after the 1st Battle of Passchendaele by Frank Hurley (photo is a composite):
https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...402657076772864
German “attacks” repulsed all along French front, notably in Champagne.
Eastern Front
Riga: Operation Albion with General Kathen’s 23,000 men (42nd Infantry Division); 5,000 horses; 1,400 vehicles and 54 guns in 19 transports from Libau, troops ashore in 5 hours. Ösel Island (Baltic) captured by German forces [Operations not completed until the 16th.] (see 11th and 18th).
Germans land at Tagga Bay north of Oesel Island and on Dago Island; attempt to capture pier on Moon Island repulsed.
Southern Front
Austrian attack repulsed in region of Mnt. Costabella.
Naval and Overseas Operations
Baltic: As part of
Operation Albion, Russian coast batteries destroyed (German 8 battleships, 12 light craft, 40 T.B.D., etc.). Russians ships hinder German fleet entering between Dago and Oesel Islands. Another source gives German strength as: battlecruiser Moltke (Vice-Admiral Schmidt), 10 battleships (2 mined but carry on); 9 cruisers; 52 destroyers and light warships; 19 troop transports; 6 U-boats; 6 Zeppelins; 101 aircraft vs Vice-Admiral Mikhail K Bakhirev’s 2 battleships, 1 cruiser, c.24 destroyers, 13 minesweepers (1 operational), 6 submarines (including 4 British).
Zeppelin above a ‘Kaiser’ class battleship during Operation Albion:
https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...er-BB.jpg?ssl=1
Political, etc
Canada: Canadian War Cabinet formed by Sir Robert Borden.
Compulsory Service Act comes into operation in Canada (see July 6th).
Argentina: Count Luxburg is interned in Argentina.