Western Front
The 41st Wing of the Royal Flying Corps is formed at Ainville-sur-Madon under the command of Lieutenant Colonel C.L.N. Newall, with the task of bombing industrial targets in Germany. The Wing is equipped with Royal Aircraft Factory FE2bs, de Havilland DH4s and Handley Page 0/400s. Launches 13-month day/night strategic bombingcampaign against industrial targets in western Germany and Alsace-Lorraine up to 125 miles from Western Front front line.
Because of the fuel tank between pilot an observer, the Airco DH4 was nicknamed ‘Flaming Coffin’ by its crews. Nonetheless, it was built in extremely large numbers, its considerable virtues outweighing that major fault:
https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w.../DH-4.jpg?ssl=1
Third Battle of Ypres: Battle of Poelcapelle: French stop a German counter-attack east of Dreibank, Ypres.
Rupprecht reports to OHL: ‘
In order to save material and men it may become necessary to withdraw the (Flanders) front so far from the enemy that he will be compelled to make a fresh deployment of his artillery.’
Heavy wind and rains hit the Ypres battlefields, as British artillery target German lines near Passchendaele.
Verdun: Germans gain temporary footing in advanced trenches north of Hill 344, but driven out by French.
Royal Field Artillery officers in a shelter at Langemarck, Belgium: © IWM (Q 6051):
https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...795654012940288
Eastern Front
Riga: Germans gain some ground south-east of Segewold and try to fraternize in Riga area.
Southern Front
Austro-Hungarian stormtroopers preparing to assault:
https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...765471549775873
Naval and Overseas Operations
East Africa: Column in Mbemkuru valley occupies Ruponda on flank of enemy retreating before Nahango column. Large quantities of grain and ammunition captured.
Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Turkish attack in Armenia, 16 miles south-west of Erzingan, repulsed.
Political, etc
United Kingdom: Four ships flying Swedish flag and lying in British ports taken over by British, being mainly British owned, and liable to be treated as such by Germans.
British Government stops commercial cable communication with Holland.
(These are both repeats, aren’t they?)
Bulgaria: Kaiser visits Sofia. Kaiser Wilhelm and Tsar Ferdinand of Bulgaria in Sofia. They are wearing the others’ army uniforms: © IWM (Q 23738):
https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...069693952520192
United States: Columbia University students and faculty stage protests in response the recent firings of 2 professors for their anti-war views.